These range from small fragments to a complete scroll of the prophet Isaiah, and every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther and Nehemiah. The Dead Sea Scrolls include over 225 copies of biblical books that date up to 1,200 years earlier.
The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrollsīefore the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the oldest known manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible dated to the 10th century A.D. They have shed much new light on the origins of the Bible, Judaism and even Christianity. Included among the scrolls are the oldest copies of books in the Hebrew Bible and many other ancient Jewish writings: prayers, commentaries, religious laws, magical and mystical texts. The bulk of the scrolls came under the control of the Israel Antiquities Authority in 1967. Some of these scrolls were later acquired by the Jordanian Department of Antiquities through complicated transactions and a few by the state of Israel. Most of the finds were made by the Bedouin. Ten more caves were discovered over the next decade that contained tens of thousands of fragments belonging to over 900 scrolls. In 1947, Bedouin men herding goats in the hills to the west of the Dead Sea entered a cave near Wadi Qumran in the West Bank and stumbled on clay jars filled with leather scrolls.
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